This is interesting! A lot of it depends on what kind of strength you’re talking about – some materials are very good at being compressed (having lots of weight put on them) and other materials are very good at being stretched or used to support weights.
It also depends on the structure of the material. For instance, charcoal and diamond are made from the same stuff, mostly – carbon. But the carbon in a diamond is arranged in a very special way that makes it incredible strong.
Carbon is probably the answer here, though, but in a special form called graphene. Graphene is very hard to extract or manufacture right now, but it’s been shown to be 200 times stronger than steel under some types of testing. Two scientists actually won the Nobel prize in 2010 for investigating this material!
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